QuantumScape Announced More Business. The Stock’s Reaction Highlights a Shift.

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Business News for Dec. 9, 2021

WASHINGTON — Lawmakers of both parties came out swinging in a hearing on Wednesday with Adam Mosseri, the head of Instagram, expressing deep skepticism and anger toward the company for not doing enough to protect young users.

In a hearing held by a Senate subcommittee on consumer protection, lawmakers grilled Mr. Mosseri on internal research leaked by a whistle-blower that showed Instagram had a toxic effect on some teenagers. They pressed him to commit to share data with researchers on algorithmic ranking systems and to support legislation for stronger privacy and security protections for children online.

Even Instagram’s announcements this week on new safety tools for children were too little and too late, they said.

“Facebook’s own researchers have been warning management, including yourself, Mr. Mosseri, for years,” said Senator Richard Blumenthal, Democrat of Connecticut and chairman of the subcommittee. “Parents are asking, what is Congress doing to protect our kids and the resounding bipartisan message from this committee is that legislation is coming. We can’t rely on self-policing.”

The hearing is part of a growing effort in Washington to rein in the power of Silicon Valley’s biggest companies. Antitrust regulators are seeking to break up Google and Meta, the parent company of Facebook and Instagram, and lawmakers have introduced dozens of data privacy, speech and competition bills.

Calls for legislative changes have intensified in recent weeks, after a whistle-blower at Facebook leaked internal research that said Instagram led one out of three teenagers to feel worse about their body image and for as many as 16 percent of some teenagers in Britain to have thoughts of suicide. The documents obtained by the whistle-blower, Frances Haugen, often contradicted public statements made by Meta officials, who have long underplayed or rebutted criticism that Instagram harms the mental and emotional well-being of younger users.

“You better tell the truth,” Senator Amy Klobuchar, a Democrat of Minnesota, told Mr. Mosseri. “You’re under oath.”

Mr. Mosseri, 38, was appearing before Congress for the first time. He is a longtime executive at Facebook and is considered a close lieutenant of the company’s chief executive, Mark Zuckerberg. He joined the company in 2008 as a designer and gradually rose in the ranks to run the News Feed, a central feature of the Facebook app. In October 2018, he was named head of Instagram, weeks after the sudden resignations of the app’s founders, Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger.

He told lawmakers that Instagram often had a positive role in the lives of teenagers, such as by helping them establish connections during difficult times. He tried to direct attention at rivals, noting that more teenagers use TikTok and YouTube. He also acknowledged the skepticism among members of Congress toward Meta.

“I recognize that many in this room have deep reservations about our company,” Mr. Mosseri said. “But I want to assure you that we do have the same goal. We all want teens to be safe online.”

On Tuesday, Instagram announced new safety features for children. Mr. Mosseri mentioned those changes in the hearing, which include tools like a “take a break” function that is meant to help limit time spent online. (TikTok has a similar function that appears when users are spending too much time on the app.)

But Senator Marsha Blackburn of Tennessee, the ranking Republican member of the subcommittee, said even the basic promises of privacy and security from the company had failed users.

This week, her staff set up an experimental account for a fictional 15-year-old and were surprised to find the profile automatically set to public exposure. Instagram says teenage accounts automatically default to the private setting.

Mr. Mosseri acknowledged the error and said Ms. Blackburn’s office exposed a flaw in Instagram’s controls that sets teenage accounts that were created on a web browser — and not on a mobile app — to public. “We will correct that,” Mr. Mosseri said.

Mr. Blumenthal’s office has received hundreds of calls and emails from parents about their negative experiences with Instagram, he has said. One parent recounted how her daughter’s interest in fitness on Instagram led the app to recommend accounts on extreme dieting, eating disorders and self-harm.

Mr. Blumenthal has homed in on the algorithms, which he called “800-pound gorillas in black boxes,” that push such recommendations.

Lawmakers, including Mr. Blumenthal and Ms. Blackburn, have proposed stronger data privacy rules aimed at protecting children and greater enforcement of age restrictions. They have also called for young users to be able to delete information online. Lawmakers have pursued similar legislation before, with little success. Though lawmakers often show bipartisan unity in the hearings, dozens of data privacy bills have been stymied by intense industry lobbying and partisan disagreement over how stringent laws should be.

Senator John Thune, a Republican of South Dakota, has introduced a bill that would force companies to reveal more about their algorithmic ranking system. He asked if Instagram would allow users to rank their content chronologically, instead of through opaque decisions based purely on engagement.

Mr. Mosseri said the company was working on the feature, which could be available next year.

Though Mr. Mosseri repeated his support for regulations, he demurred when asked about specific proposals. He said he hadn’t read a bill introduced by Mr. Blumenthal and other lawmakers that could hold Meta liable for hosting harmful content. He wouldn’t commit to give up completely on the idea of building a version of the Instagram app for users under the age of 13. And he didn’t directly answer questions as to whether victims should be able to sue Meta for hosting sex-trafficking content.

Child advocacy groups said Mr. Mosseri failed to provide any greater assurances that Instagram would prioritize child safety.

“Today’s hearing was just more of the same: evasions, empty promises, and too-little, too-late gestures aimed at forestalling congressional action instead of meaningfully addressing Instagram’s harmful business model and design choices,” said Josh Golin, executive director of Fairplay.

Leaders of the subcommittee said they would hold additional hearings, which may include more executives of Meta. Mr. Blumenthal said Mr. Mosseri’s vague commitment for “directional” support on laws “doesn’t cut it.”

“This industry has said it is in favor of government regulation but they have opposed specific measures with armies of lawyers and lobbyists and tons of money,” Mr. Blumenthal said.

Governor Hochul Announces Major Action to Address Winter Surge and Prevent Business Disruption as COVID-19 Cases and Hospitalizations Rise Statewide

Governor Kathy Hochul today announced masks will be required to be worn in all indoor public places unless businesses or venues implement a vaccine requirement. This a major action to address the winter surge comes as COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations rise statewide to be in alignment with the CDC’s recommendations for communities with substantial and high transmission. The State Health Commissioner issued a determination solidifying the requirement.       

This determination is based on the State’s weekly seven-day case rate as well as increasing hospitalizations. The new business and venue requirements extend to both patrons and staff. This measure is effective Dec. 13, 2021 until Jan. 15, 2022, after which the State will re-evaluate based on current conditions. The new measure brings added layers of mitigation during the holidays when more time is spent indoors shopping, gathering, and visiting holiday-themed destinations.     

“As Governor, my two top priorities are to protect the health of New Yorkers and to protect the health of our economy. The temporary measures I am taking today will help accomplish this through the holiday season. We shouldn’t have reached the point where we are confronted with a winter surge, especially with the vaccine at our disposal, and I share many New Yorkers’ frustration that we are not past this pandemic yet,” Governor Hochul said. “I want to thank the more than 80 percent of adult New Yorkers who have done the right thing to get fully vaccinated. If others will follow suit, these measures will no longer be necessary.”   

“I have warned for weeks that additional steps could be necessary, and now we are at that point based upon three metrics: Increasing cases, reduced hospital capacity, and insufficient vaccination rates in certain areas,” Governor Hochul added. 

Since Thanksgiving, the statewide seven-day average case rate has increased by 43{cfdf3f5372635aeb15fd3e2aecc7cb5d7150695e02bd72e0a44f1581164ad809} and hospitalizations have increased by 29{cfdf3f5372635aeb15fd3e2aecc7cb5d7150695e02bd72e0a44f1581164ad809}. While the percentage of New Yorkers fully vaccinated continues to increase—gaining 2{cfdf3f5372635aeb15fd3e2aecc7cb5d7150695e02bd72e0a44f1581164ad809} from Thanksgiving weekend to now—the uptick is not fast enough to completely curb the spread of the virus, particularly among communities with low vaccination coverage. 

The State Department of Health has produced nation-leading studies, published in the CDC’s MMWR and the New England Journal of Medicine, which demonstrate the COVID-19 vaccines’ effectiveness – particularly in preventing severe disease. The Department continues to urge eligible New Yorkers of all ages to get fully vaccinated and boosted as soon as possible. 

Acting Health Commissioner Dr. Mary T. Bassett said, “Community spread requires a community-minded solution, as the Omicron variant emerges and the overwhelmingly dominant Delta variant continues to circulate. We have the tools we need to protect against the virus – and now we must ensure we use them. There are tools each individual can use, and there are actions we can take as government. Getting vaccinated protects you, and wearing a mask is how we will better protect each other. Both vaccination and mask-wearing are needed to slow this COVID-19 winter surge.”    

A violation of any provision of this measure is subject to a maximum fine of $1,000 for each violation. Local health departments are being asked to enforce these requirements.    

Business/Venue Proof of Vaccination Requirement    

Businesses and venues that implement a proof of vaccination requirement must ensure that anyone 12 years of age or older is fully vaccinated before entering indoors. Businesses/venues can accept Excelsior PassExcelsior Pass Plus, SMART Health Cards issued outside of New York State, full-course vaccination through NYC COVID Safe app, a CDC Vaccination Card, or other official immunization record.

In accordance with CDC’s definition, fully vaccinated is defined as 14 days past an individual’s last vaccination dose in their initial vaccine series (14 days past the second shot of a two-dose Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna vaccine; 14 days past the one-shot Janssen/Johnson & Johnson vaccine). The State also accepts WHO-approved vaccines for these purposes. Parents and guardians can retrieve and store an Excelsior Pass and/or Excelsior Pass Plus for children or minors under legal guardianship.    

Vaccines for children ages 5 – 11 have only been available since November 2021. Therefore, in order to enter a business or venue that implements a proof of vaccination requirement, children ages 5 – 11 only have to show proof of having had at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccination. 

Vaccines have been available for 16–17-year-olds since April 2021 and for 12—15-year-olds since May 2021. At the time of the determination, 63{cfdf3f5372635aeb15fd3e2aecc7cb5d7150695e02bd72e0a44f1581164ad809} of the 12 – 17 age group has been fully vaccinated in New York State.

Business/Venue Mask-Wearing Requirement    

Businesses and venues that implement a mask requirement must ensure all patrons past their second birthday and medically able to tolerate a face covering wear a mask at all times while indoors outside of physical eating or drinking.  

Continued Masking Requirements    

Unvaccinated individuals continue to be responsible for wearing masks, in accordance with federal CDC guidance. Further, the State’s masking requirements continue to be in effect for pre-K to grade 12 schools, public transit, homeless shelters, correctional facilities, nursing homes, and health care settings per CDC guidelines.    

New York State and the State’s Department of Health continue to strongly recommend mask-wearing in all public indoor settings as an added layer of protection, even when not required. Children 2 – 5 who remain ineligible for vaccination must wear a proper-fitting mask. 

COVID-19 vaccines and booster doses are free and widely available statewide. New Yorkers can visit vaccines.gov, text their ZIP code to 438829, or call 1-800-232-0233 to find nearby locations. To schedule an appointment at a state-run mass vaccination site, New Yorkers can visit the Am-I-Eligible site. New Yorkers can also contact their health care provider, county health departments, Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs), rural health centers, or pharmacies. 

New Yorkers can retrieve their Excelsior Pass or Excelsior Pass Plus here. Businesses and venues can download the Excelsior Pass Scanner app—free for any business nationwide and available in more than ten languages—here.      

Why more EV brands might not be good business for China automakers

SHANGHAI – While selling electric vehicles under their existing brands, major Chinese carmakers have launched a plethora of new EV marques since last year to fend off competition from Tesla and domestic EV startups. 

A similar brand explosion took place 10 years ago, underscoring how such a tactic could backfire as a brand needs to be nurtured over time rather than built in a haste.

At the Guangzhou auto show last month, Changan Automobile Co. unveiled its EV brand Avatr.

Prior to Changan, four other major state-owned automakers also created new brands for EVs. 

At the Shanghai auto show in April, SAIC Motor Corp. launched IM, the company’s second EV brand following the R marque introduced last year. 

Also last year, BAIC Motor Co., Dongfeng Motor Group and GAC Motor Co. each debuted an EV brand, known as Arcfox, Voyah and Vion, respectively.

Like SAIC, two leading private Chinese carmakers – Great Wall Motor Co. and Geely Automobile Holdings — have unveiled their second EV brands this year. 

At the Guangzhou show, Great Wall launched the Salon. The company’s first EV brand, Ora, was created in 2018.

And in April, Geely revealed the Zeekr, two years after the roll-out of the Geometry.

With initial products featuring rich infotainment functions and advanced driver assistance systems, these new marques are all marketed as premium EV brands, and their owners expect to build presence in the domestic market for smart EVs, dominated by Tesla and startups such as Xpeng, Nio and Li Auto.

SAIC is another example. The state-owned company now markets EVs under its Roewe and MG mass-market brands. This year, it has launched sales of EVs under R, labeled as a premium brand. Next year, the first product — a midsized sedan — is due to arrive in the market under its high-end brand IM.

Can the new brands really help build new business? 

For one thing, traditional Chinese automakers have long been producers of battery-powered vehicles converted from gasoline models. Hence, it takes time for their new marques to win customer recognition as premium EV brands.

Secondly, a multi-brand strategy would stretch thin the engineering and financial resources allocated for each brand at a company, which in turn would affect product quality.

In fact, this is not the first time Chinese carmakers have applied the multi-brand strategy. 

In 2009, Geely and Chery Automobile Co. — a state-owned light-vehicle manufacturer — each created three brands for their gasoline vehicles in an attempt to move upscale in the domestic car market.

Two years later, both companies started to phase out the new brands after product quality problems multiplied to drag down their sales. 

Haste makes waste. That lesson seems to have been forgotten at traditional Chinese carmakers today when it comes to exploring the domestic EV market.

Today’s Business and Stock Market News: Live Updates

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Another subsequent Theranos test shows levels more in line with expectations. Note from the doctor says “clearly some form of lab error occurred.”

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The test results show a “very significant rise” in PSA levels. The doctor wrote a note on it that it should be rechecked and might be a “lab error.”

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Mr. Burnes had a patient who got a PSA test — detects prostate cancer — through Theranos. The doctor is testifying in a clear mask and I have to say it just conveys Bain vibes to me. Also hard to hear.

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That’s it for Tompkins. The U.S. has called Dr. Mark Burnes.

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Theranos test results told this woman she had HIV antibodies. Defense is trying to argue she didn’t understand the test results.

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Trefz pulls up an HIV testing algorithm to show the patient. She asks the patient to break down the arrows pointing to terms like HIV-1/2 antigen/antibody combination immunoassay. … “You don’t know the meaning of these particular steps, correct?”

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Tompkins is back on the stand being cross-examined by Holmes lawyer Katie Trefz. She says she attempted to get information about the testing from Theranos but was not provided any.

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🩸 U.S. v. Holmes continues. 🩸 Today we’ll hear from Erin Tompkins, a patient, as well as Roger Parloff, a journalist. But first, for every one hour of testimony there are roughly three hours of lawyer bickering over the scope of the testimony and today is no different!

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Trefz argues for expert testimony on the accuracy of the tests since they’ve been run on different methods. “If a patient is going to testify about their allegedly inaccurate tests, we should get to explore the depths of that patient’s knowledge as to what the test results mean.”

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Bostic notes that he’s not certain whether the doctor will testify because they’re trying to “streamline” their case and the witness list because of time concerns.

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Trefz is arguing that the confusion comes from the way the results were presented, not the actual results themselves. Bostic says her doctor’s concern about the accuracy of the results was “inadmissible hearsay.”

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Sounds like Tompkins’s doctor is also going to testify. The judge has also made a not very pleased reference to the case’s “untoward delays.”

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Bostic argues that he believes the doctor was in disbelief and had skepticism over the accuracy of the results. It wasn’t him saying that the results were accurate yet she wasn’t positive.

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The jury and Tompkins have left. Trefz is arguing that the patient was told at the time by her doctor that this was not an indication of a positive test result.

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We also see test results from August of this year that says she is negative. In cross-exam, Holmes lawyer Katie Trefz asks how much her Theranos test cost. Tompkins doesn’t remember but says she got a refund about two years later.

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We see a copy of her Theranos blood test results stating that Ms. Tompkins had HIV antibodies. She testifies that she has never had HIV or AIDS, and a different test a few months later said negative. She tried to call Theranos to get more information but spoke to no one.

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She chose Theranos for a blood test her doctor ordered because it was cheap and she didn’t have insurance. “Is there any benefit to you with blood test results that were not accurate or reliable?” Tompkins: “I can’t imagine, no.”

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She testifies first saw an article about Theranos in Forbes, she said she also heard about it on Facebook — a rec from a friend who was trying to find affordable health care options for people without insurance.

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The U.S. has called Erin Tompkins, a Theranos patient.

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Leach: “Did you think one of the risks here was that the founder and C.E.O. was not being truthful to you?” Grossman: “We did not think that was one of the risks.” And that’s it for Grossman. Wowsy!

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A major theme seems to be EXECUTION RISK. Was Theranos past the point of “proof of concept”? Should investors have anticipated the risk of the technology not working?

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Talking about Moore’s law. The jury is getting such an education in business terminology. A PGM email discusses how Theranos plans to drive down costs of making its devices. That wouldn’t apply to third-party devices, Grossman said.

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Leach pulls up the “bear case” projections (Wade had used the bull case projections) and asks: Have you ever seen a company miss its revenue projections by over $1 billion? BG: “It’s unusual.” Was that a risk you thought you were taking with this investment? BG: “Not in 2014, no.”

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This is related to Wade’s argument that PFM’s revenue projections for Theranos were overly rosy. (Grossman has testified that they were based largely on Theranos’s own projections.)

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Prosecutor Leach is back up for redirect. Leach asks: Who was in a better position to judge Theranos’s projected revenue for 2014 and 2015, you or the company? Grossman: The company.

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Wade: Was part of investing in Theranos a part of your desire to get information for your investment in Walgreens? Grossman: No. Wade: Is it true that after you invested in Theranos you started trading Walgreens stock? Prosecution objects and is sustained. And that’s it, finally!

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Wade is showing Grossman a slide deck presented by Theranos and is pointing out that many of the claims were “aspirational.”

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OK, just before the break my laptop died, but Judge Davila expressed the most frustration I’ve ever seen over how long Wade’s cross-exam is lasting (6+ hours).

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Wade points out that the presentation doesn’t include the accuracy risks or highlight the “limited operating experience” Theranos had.

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So Grossman delivered a presentation to some other investors summarizing PFM’s own research about Theranos. It has Theranos’s logo on the front of it and Wade asks “did you get Theranos’s permission to use their logo?”

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Grossman quotes from lower in the email that his firm’s expert continued to believe these risks were acceptable for investing. There’s also a cryptic email from Grossman to his teammates that simply says “real world.”

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There’s another email where someone at the firm says Blue Cross Blue Shield did diligence on Theranos and said it doesn’t work. And another one where someone is saying again that there’s a chance it won’t pass FDA review.

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Another email from Grossman’s internal expert outlining more risks on the tech. Says he doesn’t think Theranos has enough data to get FDA approval. The takeaway from these hours of cross-exam from Grossman seems to (still) be: You knew about all these risks and still invested.

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We get another “if that’s your question, then yes.” Grossman is patiently describing in great, great detail all of the analysis PFM did on its financial models on Theranos. The room is getting restless. Not even sure Wade is enjoying this level of detail.

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Wade tries to make the point that PFM’s revenue projections for Theranos were unrealistically high. Grossman says no and gives the example of Moderna. “They tend to be really important, open-ended technology, very disruptive, that have a big impact on society.”

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A few more comps added to the analysis: Salesforce, Tesla and a few others I didn’t hear. Grossman repeats his line about “open-ended, disruptive technology platform companies”

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(The third comp Grossman suggested is Illumina.)

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Describing comps, Grossman testifies they were trying to find “open-ended, best-in-breed disruptive companies.” Wade then tries to call FB and GOOG “unicorns.” I feel personally trolled.

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To justify the valuation they suggest using Google and Facebook as comps to Theranos!?!? To use a Grossman term… Wowzers

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We see an email between Grossman and his partner James — no mention of bevies — where Grossman says the valuation and terms “are obviously tough to swallow.” But his call with Channing Robertson was “mind-blowing” and gave him a lot of confidence.

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Post break, Wade is asking Grossman about his conversations with Channing Robertson. Grossman’s father-in-law, David Brady, knew Robertson, was a politics professor at Stanford and was involved with Hoover Institution. Brady also invested in Theranos.

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We have spent … a lot of time going through every painstaking detail of Grossman’s diligence. It is a lot, and I’m not 100 percent sure what effect this is meant to have on the jury.

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We see an email that shows PFM confirms that any device outside a CLIA lab needs to FDA clearance. Theranos often said they didn’t need FDA approval for their machines in stores because the “analysis” would be done in the cloud / in its CLIA lab.

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Grossman has not been asked about why PFM ultimately decided to invest despite all of his very diligent diligence and the doubts raised inside the firm.

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The email also notes that Theranos’s projections are “a bit aggressive” but “with excellent execution are doable and can be exceeded.” Point to show that Grossman knew the risks of backing Theranos.

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More internal PFM emails! This one is about a health care conference where PFM’s tech expert planned to vet Theranos’s tech with others in the industry without violating NDA. Also says he thinks Theranos’s technology is “very good” and has IP and competition concerns.

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To get around this Grossman answers a lot of Wade’s questions with “If the question is X [narrator: it is not], then the answer is Y.”

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Lance Wade is questioning Grossman about a certain document that is not in evidence and Grossman is refusing to acknowledge that it “refreshes his recollection” because he believes Wade’s questions are misleading.

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🩸 It’s U.S. v. Holmes again. 🩸 Brian Grossman, managing director at PFM Health Sciences, which backed Theranos, will continue cross-examination today.

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Grossman and jury are dismissed for the day and its time for our usual lawyer chat. Downey wants to talk about an issue in camera and the judge is lightly ribbing Wade for how long his cross-exam is going. Back tomorrow!

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Wade continues to press this point which is a question I have too — Grossman did all the right stuff regarding diligence, and yet he still invested.

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Wade hits Grossman over the fact that he invested in Theranos even after the refused to let him talk to Walgreens or United in diligence. Grossman says that forced his firm to rely on information from Theranos.

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We now see a PFM email summarizing the Theranos discussion during a Walgreens earnings call. Point being that PFM took other information into account beyond what Holmes said to decide on the investment.

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We got a brief glimpse of an email from Grossman re WAG and Theranos: “Wowzer. That’s quite an endorsement.”

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We see some emails between Grossman and some of his analysts about Walgreens and Theranos. They are discussing Cowen’s take on the Theranos / WAG partnership. Wade suggests Cowen analyst reports are a respected source of information. Grossman says that’s “debatable.”

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Elsewhere on this email thread Grossman asks his partner, “What time u picking us up? U want us to brink bevies for the drive?”

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Wade is now taking Grossman through the team of people at PFM who worked on the deal, explaining their expertise. He mentions Philippe Laffont of Coatue, who introduced PFM to Theranos. We see an email from Laffont to Chris James, an investor at PFM, saying Theranos is “one of the most impressive boards I’ve ever seen.” James forwards the email to Grossman with one word: “Wowsy”

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Wade appears to be doing his bore-em-to-death thing going into tedious detail about the mechanics of private market investments.

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Wade asks Grossman to define a hedge fund and he runs down all the various attributes ending with “and obviously, a hedge fund can hedge.” Somewhere Carol Loomis is smiling.

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Lance Wade is up for cross-exam. Unlike with past investors, who Wade attempted to discredit by criticizing their lack of diligence, the strategy here seems to be building up how much diligence Grossman’s firm did.

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At the very end we saw that Grossman’s firm invested $96 million across several funds.

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We see internal Theranos emails discussing Grossman’s results. He is a “VIP” and they push to get his results out quickly. The results appear to be run on a third party machine, which Balwani never told him about.

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Balwani blamed a rare test and a lab failure. Thanked him for “highlighting this issue.”

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I believe Grossman is the only investor we’ve heard from who went to a Walgreens to get his blood tested on his own. Afterward he asked Balwani why he had to have a venous draw (no fingerstick) and why it took more than 4 hours.

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Grossman spoke to Channing Robertson (Theranos board member, former Stanford professor) twice. Robertson said Theranos had no technical risk and that its technology inside the MiniLab was sound.

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Grossman also wanted to talk to United Healthcare, which (apparently) had a contract with Theranos. Similar to Walgreens, Balwani said no. “It will look badly on us, if investors are asking to speak to someone at the company.”

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Grossman asked to talk to Walgreens and Sunny Balwani told him he was “very uncomfortable” with that. He told Grossman it “would be a strange conversation, they have a great relationship, it wouldn’t look good.” “He had a series of responses along those lines.”

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So we have walked through the same slideshow that Theranos presented to most of its investors including being “comprehensively validated by pharma companies.

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Grossman: “They were emphatic that this was not another point of care testing company. This was the entire laboratory shrunk down into a box.”

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Grossman said he saw various different versions of the Theranos blood testing machines at their manufacturing facility in Newark, at their CLIA lab in Palo Alto and in the lobby of their California St. office.

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Or at least attempted diligence. Holmes and Balwani answered the questions in meetings. It appears we are going to go through their spoken answers on every one of these questions (there are many…).

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Grossman had three analysts working on the deal and says “there’s a lot of analytic labor” that goes into his firm’s modeling. This appears to be the most diligence that any Theranos investor has done so far…

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We see an email from Grossman to Holmes and Balwani containing due diligence questions. There are seven areas of question (technology, IP + barriers to entry, Regulatory, Financial Model/Projections, etc.) with lonnnnnng lists of detailed questions for each.

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Grossman testifies: “Ms. Holmes was actually very clear that they could match every test on the Labcorp and Quest menu of tests.”

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Erin Griffith

Grossman goes into a very long and detailed tale of the claims Holmes made to him about Theranos’s technology and business. She told him the usual: Theranos was more reliable than Labcorp/Quest and they worked with pharma companies and on medevacs on the battlefield.

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Erin Griffith

Grossman met with Balwani and Theranos at its lab in December 2013. He testifies that the security to enter the building, including its NDAs, was unusually strict.

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Erin Griffith

Grossman offers up a little lesson on limited partners. PFM’s include pension funds. Hey jury, it’s not just rich people who were burned by Theranos!

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Erin Griffith

Yam is excused. The U.S. has called Brian Grossman, a managing partner at PFM Health Sciences, a San Francisco firm that runs a hedge fund and growth equity fund.

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Erin Griffith

Lance Wade is questioning Yam on whether the wire transfers discussed in the email actually happened. Can’t we just … verify that somewhere?

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Erin Griffith

$1.1 million to be precise, wired to Horizon Media, the marketing firm. This is one of the wire fraud counts outlined in the indictment.

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Erin Griffith

We see a late 2015 email regarding expenses for an ad campaign (TV, print, etc.) in the millions of dollars in Arizona.

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Erin Griffith

The prosecution has called Danise Yam, a.k.a. So Han Spivey, likely to reintroduce a certain email.

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Erin Griffith

And Alan Eisenman has left town. So we will be getting a new witness this morning.

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Erin Griffith

Judge Davila says he sees nothing to disturb the court’s previous ruling on this issue. Glad we just spent an hour debating it!!

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Erin Griffith

Bostic further argues that Holmes had “better sources of information” about Theranos results … from her own lab. And “if positive information is admissible just because Holmes saw it, then negative information that Holmes saw should also be admissible,” i.e., the 2015 WSJ article.

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Erin Griffith

Judge further notes that there are lots of comments from phlebotomists, who were employees of Theranos. John Bostic argues that the patient reviews aren’t relevant. The reports were only sent to Holmes in 2015, and the majority of the investments in the case happened before that.

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Erin Griffith

Judge Davila is skeptical. He said the majority of the customer comments talk about pricing because they had no health insurance. Or they were given $100 gift cards by doctors. Not about the accuracy of the tests.

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Erin Griffith

Now Holmes lawyer Richard Cleary is arguing the defense should be able to include testimony of positive reviews / surveys of Theranos tests.

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Erin Griffith

🩸U.S. v. Holmes again. 🩸 The lawyers are fighting about whether to discuss the lost database of Theranos tests.

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Erin Griffith

Ok that’s it for today — short day. Buckling in for four more days of testimony!

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Erin Griffith

We’re not done with Eisenman as there is still a matter to debate about his notes. The defense wants a color copy so they can examine all the various inks used. 🎨

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Erin Griffith

In cross-exam Downey had discussed how much Eisenman’s stock in Theranos was worth. In redirect, Bostic asks: What is your understanding that your stock in Theranos is worth today? Eisenman: “It’s not an understanding, it’s a conclusion. It’s worth zero.”

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Erin Griffith

In redirect Eisenman speaks about the contrast between the Theranos hype — all their progress and demand in the market — and the legal disclaimers that come with investing (this is a high risk growth company, you could lose all your money, etc., etc.). The power of hype is strong!

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Erin Griffith

Downey says that Eisenman has asked government agents to look into a different investment where he lost money. Judge sustains objection and that is the end of cross-exam of Eisenman.

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Erin Griffith

Eisenman says, “It’s a little misleading — we are on the same page because I feel that I was lied to and cheated from the company.”

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Erin Griffith

Downey asked Eisenman about his relationship with the prosecution. He gives squirrely answers and we eventually see an email from 2018 where Eisenman says “You know that I am a faithful part of your team and will do all that I can to help your case.”

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Erin Griffith

We are back to the legal boilerplate fight. Eisenman refuses to answer yes/no questions about it. And remember: legal disclaimers are there for a reason! They will be used against you in court!

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Erin Griffith

Defense counsel Downey: “As I suspected there are some indications in the notes that the notes are not what Mr. Eisenman described in his direct examination. … At some point additional info has been inserted in a different color ink.”

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Erin Griffith

During our break (is it too early for lunch?), the lawyers from both sides are going to review the notes that defense filed a subpoena for in a side room.

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Erin Griffith

Another scathing email from Balwani. Eisenman emailed about a news article that says Theranos could become obsolete. Balwani: “I think these emails are beyond ridiculous.”

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Erin Griffith

Downey makes the point that Eisenman chose to invest more into Theranos, despite the fact that Balwani had “ignored or intimidated” him.

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Erin Griffith

Lots of cross-talk chaos between Eisenman, Downey, the court reporter and Judge Davila, who jumps in: “Let’s reset. It goes by question and answer. The lawyers get to ask the questions and it’s your privilege to answer them.”

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Erin Griffith

It is not great to have examples of government agents telling Eisenman “do not contact us” juxtaposed with emails from Holmes telling him “do not contact us.”

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Erin Griffith

Over the weekend defense subpoenaed Eisenman for his notes about the Theranos investment and Downey demands he gives them to the court admin. Eisenman wants more info on the process.

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Erin Griffith

Eisenman: “I’m a smart guy.” Downey: “Did the government agree with that smart judgment?” (prosecution objects)

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Erin Griffith

Agent Hernandez called Eisenman and said to not communicate with the government about the substance of the trial. Eisenman then apparently sent another email to the government the next morning and the government called *again* with Mr. Bostic, saying not to communicate with them.

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Erin Griffith

We were going to see the email he sent to Agent Hernandez on the prosecution’s team offering “some reflections” on his testimony, but prosecution objected to admitting evidence that was 90{cfdf3f5372635aeb15fd3e2aecc7cb5d7150695e02bd72e0a44f1581164ad809} redacted.

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Erin Griffith

Downey: “How long did it take you to violate that directive? Was it less than about 15 hours?” Eisenman: “I don’t recall.” 😬

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Erin Griffith

Uh ohhh, Downey points out that Eisenman flew back to Houston after his initial testimony Wednesday evening and immediately violated his directive to not discuss the trial with anyone.

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Erin Griffith

Eisenman also reached out to Bill Frist through his father-in-law, Joel Gordon, a wealthy political donor in Tennessee. Downey asks why he wanted that outreach to be secret. Eisenman says that comment is “misleading.”

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Erin Griffith

We see an email from Holmes to Eisenman from 2012, after he reached out to Don Lucas: “No, Alan it has been about that long since you decided to start harassing our chairman.” Eisenman says that is a “total mischaracterization.”

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Erin Griffith

The email about Larry Ellison was meant to show that Theranos was providing general information to all investors. Eisenman pushes back there, too. “There was no communication to investors generally, either” and “I don’t think they communicated that to their investor base.”

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Erin Griffith

Downey is trying to make the point that Eisenman was demanding special information. He asked whether Eisenman knows that Theranos had no legal obligation to update him with “specific” and “individual” information he was requesting.

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Erin Griffith

In 2020 Eisenman emailed Holmes asking why Larry Ellison was no longer on the board. Holmes responded: “There is no new information to be shared with our investor base.”

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Erin Griffith

Eisenman testifies that he believes Holmes was hiding information from him. Downey tries to strike that, too, and the judge says no — “that was his understanding of his opinion.”

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Erin Griffith

The same dynamic is happening today. Downey asks about general rules around sharing information with investors and he pushes back about NDAs and the specific situation at Theranos. Downey strikes several attempted answers.

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Erin Griffith

Eisenman’s direct testimony also brought up some pretty wild emails between him and Holmes+Balwani. They basically treated him like a stalker for asking for more info and threatened legal action. And then, incredibly, he still invested more $$ after that!

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Erin Griffith

Eisenman was a difficult witness for the defense lawyers. He refused to go along with some of Kevin Downey’s yes/no questions and it got testy.

Erin Griffith headshot

 

Erin Griffith

🩸 “Our Holmes Matter” continues. 🩸 Full week of testimony in U.S. v. Holmes after last week’s announcement that the prosecution is likely to rest soon. Alan Eisenman, a Theranos investor, returns to the stand for cross-exam.

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Erin Griffith

Wrapping up. That’s all the blood for the week. Next week we’re going all five days! 🩸🩸🩸🩸🩸🩸🩸🩸🩸🩸🩸🩸🩸

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Erin Griffith

This is why boilerplate exists! It can (and will) be used as a weapon in court.

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Erin Griffith

Twice in a row, Eisenman goes on a rant that “this is what they call a boilerplate as you know” and Judge Davila cuts him off, telling him to answer the question asked. “I’m trying,” Eisenman says.

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Erin Griffith

Downey pulls up Eisenman’s investment agreement with Theranos which contains a legal disclaimer saying the company made “no assurances” it would ever go public. Eisenman pushes back that Holmes told him Theranos was talking to Morgan Stanley about an IPO in the next year.

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Erin Griffith

Eisenman: “Can I ask you what a ‘service frame agreement’ is? I don’t know what that means” Downey: “You cannot.”

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Erin Griffith

Kevin Downey, Holmes’s lawyer, is cross-examining Eisenman. Raising his voice a bit asking about his investment experience and about his conversations with Holmes. Pointing out that Eisenman only had one short call with Holmes before investing.

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Erin Griffith

Eisenman emails again asking for more info about potentially selling his shares. Balwani’s response: “Your emails are insulting full of inaccurate statements and wasteful of our time. Our next response to this email and all your future emails will come from our counsel.”

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Erin Griffith

Guy was told an IPO was coming almost a decade earlier and now can’t get a call back. He is now sending emails with PLEASE RESPOND!!! in the subject lines. And Balwani responds with “I already responded to you”

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Erin Griffith

Eisenman responds asking for more info and Balwani responds with this: Alan. I have no intention of responding to this email and explaining the tech and processes. Please stop sending me with emails everyday. thanks.

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Erin Griffith

Eisenman emails Holmes and Balwani a negative UBS report about Theranos. Balwani responds that it “sounds like an uninformed consultant”

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Erin Griffith

And despite all that, Eisenman STILL invested $99,990 into Theranos in 2013. Why? “This is called a seat at the table.”

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Erin Griffith

Before it was fundraising, Eisenman testifies that Sunny Balwani was “not only nonresponsive but aggressive with me.” “To say minimally, he was hostile for an extended period of time.”

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Erin Griffith

Then Theranos was raising money again and it sounds like *despite all of this drama* Eisenman was willing to invest more money!

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Erin Griffith

He responded: “It has been over 2 years since you have communicated with your investors. … Does this mean that you can’t or won’t communicate with me or the other investors?

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Erin Griffith

From there things got spicy. Eisenman reached out Don Lucas asking for information. Lucas forwarded it to Holmes and she responded: “Alan, we have communicated about this multiple times before yet you choose to continue going down this path. Elizabeth”

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Erin Griffith

In a May 2010 email, Eisenman asks Holmes whether the company hit the $200m revenue it predicted for 2009. In a later email, he testifies, Holmes said that goal was “stretched another year.”

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Erin Griffith

His push for more information about Theranos’s performance frustrated Holmes. “I was more proactive than most. … Management didn’t like the fact that I was trying to communicate and get information.” To solve that problem, Holmes offered to buy him out at a 5x return.

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Erin Griffith

Over time Eisenman asked Holmes to keep her quarterly updates coming and was denied. “There was no information coming from the company. To me that’s a sign of trouble.”

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Erin Griffith

Theranos told investors it would become cash flow positive by the end of ’08. Now we’re going on a break.

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Erin Griffith

In ’09 Theranos was telling Eisenman about huge demand for its cartridges. “These are numbers that are pretty astounding and create a pretty significant value for this company,” he said.

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Erin Griffith

Altogether Eisenman’s family invested just under $1.2m into Theranos. ($900k for him and his wife, $90k for each of three kids) His testimony follows a pattern that is very familiar by now: What he understood about what Theranos’s technology could do and how he learned it.

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Erin Griffith

Eisenman had many one-on-one calls with Holmes and she was the main source of info on the company. In 2006 Holmes was already saying she was talking to bankers about an IPO in the next 12-18 months and claiming $50m-60m in revenue in ’07 and $200m in ’08.

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Erin Griffith

Eisenman testifies that, around 2006, he was told that Larry Ellison was on Theranos’s board and was taking $20 million of an upcoming $30 million fundraise. “My understanding was these international pharma companies had adopted this tech in some of their clinical trails.”

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Erin Griffith

Alan Eisenman, a Theranos investor, is now on the stand. He was introduced to the company by the Holmes family’s financial adviser in Houston.

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Erin Griffith

Das testimony ends with a very awkward exchange where Wade prompted him to recall a quote from the Best Exotic Marigold Hotel. “Everything will be alright in the end and if it’s not alright, it’s not yet the end.” Why was that relevant? I dunno.

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Erin Griffith

Defense has spent time in testimony painting Holmes as an inexperienced person who could never have understood the details of how a lab works. Prosecution pointed out that she was CEO of the company and touted the patents she claimed to have written.

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Erin Griffith

We also heard more about the Holmes excuse for the lab problems — she blamed it on quality control issues, not the machines. Apparently that excuse was given to CMS in a letter that Das signed, even though he disagreed with that part.

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Erin Griffith

Dr. Das was asked in cross-exam about whether his decision to void the tests was “conservative.” In redirect, he was asked about it again and he said, “I was just following the data.”

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Erin Griffith

Back to cross-exam. We see an email in April 2016 from Dr. Das to Holmes titled “some good news, for once” — data from two valuations looked “excellent” he wrote, even though he was not “a fan of the studies themselves.”

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Erin Griffith

Now they’re doing a sidebar about scheduling, which I really wish would be a main bar so the press could have any sense whatsoever of what to expect and plan around…

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Erin Griffith

One issue: Eisenman, who invested in Theranos, apparently said something about punishment of Holmes in the hallway and defense is concerned about that. And secondly, they’re redacting a line from an email that says he had most of his net worth (‼️) tied up in Theranos

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Erin Griffith

During a break the lawyers are fighting over the upcoming testimony of Alan Eisenman.

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Erin Griffith

Wade makes it seem like Theranos was heroic for voiding the tests, given media scrutiny and stakes: It was a big decision to make to void all of the assays for their analyzers? It wasn’t necessarily something anyone wanted to do? The preference would be not to have to do that?

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Erin Griffith

Now Wade attempts to blame former lab director Adam Rosendorff (without mentioning that he resigned in frustration and leaked to WSJ). You recall the laboratory was not well-run when you joined? And that was why you were working to improve it?

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Erin Griffith

Now Wade blames Das: You’re familiar with Holmes’s background and training? She wouldn’t be qualified to serve as a lab director in a high complexity lab? But you were qualified? Ultimately the judgments were yours? You were responsible for the people working under you?

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Erin Griffith

We talk about all the people working on addressing the problems. Wade: “All these people were working hard and in good faith as they were undertaking these efforts, is that fair?” Das says yes (obviously).

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Erin Griffith

Wade is deflecting blame to Sunny Balwani, who was in charge of the lab. Before Dr. Das, lab directors reported to Balwani. When Das joined, he reported directly to Holmes, and Wade elicits testimony that this was a change designed to address the issues.

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Erin Griffith

Before Dr. Das joined Theranos, CMS inspected Theranos’s labs and issued a damning report about lab deficiencies, which we saw yesterday.

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Erin Griffith

🩸 “Our Holmes Matter” continues in San Jose. 🩸Holmes lawyer Lance Wade is questioning Dr. Das, Theranos’s final lab director. Yesterday he testified that he decided to void as many as 60k Theranos tests.

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Name Price Change {cfdf3f5372635aeb15fd3e2aecc7cb5d7150695e02bd72e0a44f1581164ad809} Chg
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