Vaccination a major benefit for expectant mothers, new studies show

What is today’s news | Thursday, February 3, 2022

We’re racing towards the weekend, and just before the week is up, be confident to catch up on news you might have skipped.

Crops and Livestock

The industry is surging for all courses of cattle. Why? We ultimately obtained as a result of a backlog of heavyweight cattle brought on by the COVID pandemic, when processing crops slowed manufacturing or wholly shut down. That had put packers in the driver’s seat of price tag discovery, with much too a lot of cattle and not plenty of slaughter ability.

Now, beef producers have obtained back again most of that leverage, claimed Randy Blach of CattleFax this week. “Beef demand from customers is the optimum in 33 several years,” he stated at the rate outlook report.

To most correctly industry your grain, you may perhaps want to store it into summer season and perhaps into the following yr. To do so, you’re heading to require to retailer it properly.

Enjoy the video joined down below for tactics and read through the article here to discover much more.

Tech and Equipment

“The biggest agony place for farmers when obtaining machines, in accordance to our investigation, is knowing what gear is truly worth. This new characteristic will put them just one move nearer to answering that concern,” Kyle McMahon of Tractor Zoom says.

Tractor Zoom now presents a net aspect that predicts sale rates on particular products up for sale at a future auction.

That What’s It Worth databases, which involves products hours, situation, age, make, product, and dimension, predicts the sale cost with a superior degree of precision.

Weather and Weather conditions

Prior to this week’s common ice and snow-blended storm, dry situations prevailed in the contiguous U.S., according to this week’s Drought Observe Map.

Editor Mike McGinnis covers the new weather problems and appears in advance. For the time period from February 8-12, the Countrywide Weather Services Climate Prediction Centre forecast strongly favored drier-than-usual temperature throughout the central and southern Wonderful Plains east to the Atlantic Coast.

Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack claimed lawmakers could be persuaded to aid local climate mitigation when they see the results of USDA-backed trials of carbon sequestration and procedures to help farmers earn payments for sustainable creation. “I believe there is an possibility listed here not only to effects the local climate but also to increase farm profits.”

The USDA would put up to $1 billion into significant-scale demonstration assignments through the Weather-Good Agriculture and Forestry Partnership with farm teams, enterprises, states, and nonprofits, which is envisioned to start off operating this yr.

In the past few years, the temperature in February has tested very significant to the grain marketplaces in South The usa.

There are 3 important variables to plug in when you are assessing weather and crop updates from South The us, and Al Kluis points out those and far more in the short article joined down below.

Can body fat affect brain aging?

Illustration of a cross section of brainShare on Pinterest
A current study investigates no matter whether body excess fat may possibly affect cognitive overall performance. BSIP/UIG Via Getty Visuals
  • Being overweight and overweight enhance the chance of numerous health and fitness conditions.
  • A new examine from Canada has identified that surplus overall body pounds might also affect cognitive function, with inflammation maybe actively playing a purpose.
  • Persons with excess fatty tissue gained decreased scores for processing speed in cognitive exams.
  • Bodily training, which raises blood move to the brain, may perhaps aid limit cognitive impairment even in these with a superior physique mass index (BMI).

It is broadly recognised that extra physique weight is involved with lots of wellness disorders. Now, scientists have uncovered an association among adiposity — obtaining way too a lot fatty tissue in the human body — and cognitive impairment.

At the commence of a new review, which appears in JAMA Community Open up, Canadian scientists identified the adiposity of a lot more than 9,000 individuals. They calculated both of those complete entire body body fat and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) — the excess fat that predominantly sits all around organs in the stomach cavity.

Former studies have affiliated VAT, or visceral unwanted fat, with enhanced morbidity and a better mortality danger. Visceral excess fat raises the danger of several conditions, this kind of as:

This most recent review implies that excessive extra fat could have psychological as nicely as actual physical results.

All contributors undertook two cognitive tests — the Electronic Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) — to evaluate a selection of cognitive functions.

The scientists altered the scores for cardiovascular risk factors, academic degree, and MRI-detected vascular brain injuries, which is identified to be linked with cognitive impairment.

The scientists discovered that bigger total body extra fat and better VAT have been both equally noticeably connected with reduced DSST and MoCA scores. The association was larger on the DSST, which assesses processing velocity, than on the MoCA, which is a multidimensional cognitive examination.

Compared with all those in the lowest quartile (25{cfdf3f5372635aeb15fd3e2aecc7cb5d7150695e02bd72e0a44f1581164ad809}) of adiposity, the efficiency of all those in the optimum quartile was equal to an supplemental 3 yrs of cognitive aging.

These outcomes are not unforeseen, as Dr. Anton Porsteinsson, professor and director of the Alzheimer’s Sickness Care, Analysis and Education Method (Advert-Treatment) at the University of Rochester Healthcare Heart, informed Health care Information Right now:

“It is well-identified that increased adiposity and body fats are linked with increased cardiovascular threat factors and that these are connected with increased danger of cognitive drop. This cross-sectional research observed that extra adiposity was a risk issue for reduced cognitive scores, unbiased of cardiovascular possibility aspects, instructional stage, and MRI-detected vascular brain damage.”

This review reinforces conclusions from a prior analyze of more mature grownups in Dublin, which located an affiliation among adiposity, notably central adiposity, and reduced cognitive operate.

This review can not verify a causative link among adiposity and cognitive impairment, as Dr. Eamon Laird, a senior study fellow at Trinity University Dublin in Ireland, pointed out to MNT:

“It is cross-sectional, and it can be difficult to tease out the associations and detect if visceral adiposity is causative and not just correlated with lowered cognitive scores. But the association is clear.”

The researchers controlled for cardiovascular risk and vascular mind damage, both of those of which investigate has revealed to induce cognitive impairment. So, what else may possibly be dependable for the website link?

The authors counsel that irritation could play a role in cognitive impairment in individuals with over weight or being overweight. Just one current examine involving a lot more than 15,000 people discovered large concentrations of plasma C-reactive protein, an inflammatory marker, in those people with a superior BMI and a superior midsection-hip ratio.

Dr. Porsteinsson agreed with this recommendation, stating, “Systemic swelling and glucose intolerance arise as guide suspects.”

Dr. Laird also supports inflammation getting a role. He said, “Pro-inflammatory cytokines from adipose tissue could also perhaps be contributing to tissue damage by way of swelling.”

There are also other prospective mechanisms. For case in point, “Adiposity can generally go hand in hand with other serious conditions, these types of as hypertension, which could be a individual mechanism,” Dr. Laird explained to MNT.

“Obesity could be linked with lowered blood movement to the mind, which may possibly enhance the threat of vascular microcellular injury, which could direct to [a] reduction in cognitive exam rating,” he additional. In yet another analyze, which Dr. Laird co-authored, scientists uncovered that a 1-centimeter raise in midsection measurement gave the exact same reduction in blood circulation as 1 calendar year of growing older.

This examine confirms former findings that obese and being overweight are involved with cognitive impairment, so what can people do to enable battle this?

Dr. Porsteinsson recommended numerous measures that may well aid: “Weight loss, exercising (the two aerobic and resistance teaching), handle of diabetic issues/glucose intolerance, or speed of processing cognitive schooling are a number of that appear to brain.”

Citing research findings that those with a large BMI or higher waistline-hip ratio who did little physical activity had substantially lower cerebral blood movement, Dr. Laird additional:

“Since physical exercise could likely average weight problems/blood circulation associations, this [increasing physical activity] may well be a price powerful and rather easy way to assistance mitigate the damaging influence of obesity.”

“There are nevertheless several unanswered issues right here, such as why a job of processing velocity (DSST) is additional impacted than a multidimensional cognitive test, so this research begs for more study.”

– Dr. Anton Porsteinsson

In summary, sustaining a reasonable weight could advantage the brain as very well as the system.

What it is and how to prevent it

Almost everyone has heard of the placebo effect — when people experience beneficial effects from an inert drug. But few are aware of its flip side, the “nocebo effect.” Here, individuals taking a drug, whether placebo or not, experience unwanted, negative effects. Medical News Today spoke to experts in the field to investigate the basis of the nocebo effect and find out what might be done to minimize its impact on treatments and trials.

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What is the nocebo effect, and what can we do to prevent it? Image credit: Luis Velasco/Stocksy.

All drug trials must have a control group. People in this group receive an inert substance, also known as a placebo — a “fake” drug that does not contain an active ingredient.

If the trial is testing a specific pill, the control group will receive a pill that looks identical but does not contain an active ingredient. If testing a vaccine, the control group will receive a placebo injection.

However, there is a curious phenomenon whereby people taking placebos sometimes notice changes consistent with what they expect to happen.

Therefore, many will notice an improvement in symptoms — the so-called placebo effect. Others, however, will notice side effects that might be expected from the drug being trialed, and they may be unpleasant.

This is known as the nocebo effect. The phenomenon of experiencing adverse symptoms that are expected but without an actual cause was identified in 1961 by Walter P. Kennedy.

The term derives from the Latin word “nocere,” meaning “to harm,” and was first used to describe adverse effects caused by a placebo.

Lee Chambers, psychologist and founder of Essentialise Workplace Wellbeing, explained for Medical News Today:

“People get the idea of the sugar pill that cured people — the placebo effect — […] because it’s a little bit of magic, really […] People need to see that it can also be magic that you don’t want.”

One study defined the nocebo effect as “unpleasant or adverse outcomes triggered by the treatment context, beyond any inherent pharmacological effects of the treatment itself.”

So the mere act of taking a tablet or having an injection might cause side effects, which are not due to any drug it contains. And it can happen to those on prescribed medication, not just in trials.

Cause of the nocebo effect

If the medication itself is not responsible for the side effects, why do they happen? The need for medical professionals to gain informed consent might go some way to explaining the nocebo effect.

People undergoing medical treatment must give informed consent for that treatment. To gain informed consent from a patient or trial participant, physicians have to explain the risks and benefits of the treatment in detail, including possible side effects. 

Older research has suggested that when participants in a trial are told about side effects, they are likely to experience them whether they are taking the active drug or not.

So, can negative expectations produce negative outcomes? According to Chambers, this could be the case: “While it’s such a complex mix of things […] on the basic level, it’s having negative side effects because you have been told there might be negative side effects.”

Dr. Fabrizio Benedetti, professor of neuroscience at the University of Turin Medical School, Italy, who has published widely on the nocebo effect, agreed, noting that “[m]any adverse events may be attributable to nocebo effects and not so much to the drug itself.”

A recent study of COVID-19 vaccination trials illustrates this. Researchers who analyzed data from 12 trials found that 35{cfdf3f5372635aeb15fd3e2aecc7cb5d7150695e02bd72e0a44f1581164ad809} of people given placebo injections experienced systemic effects — effects experienced in areas of the body other than the treatment site, such as headache and fatigue — following the first dose. 

This was compared with 46{cfdf3f5372635aeb15fd3e2aecc7cb5d7150695e02bd72e0a44f1581164ad809} of those given the real vaccine. Therefore, the authors of this study suggest that some 76{cfdf3f5372635aeb15fd3e2aecc7cb5d7150695e02bd72e0a44f1581164ad809} of adverse effects reported by those given the real vaccine were nocebo effects. In other words, they were not caused by the vaccine but by participants’ expectations.

Dr. Benedetti was unsurprised by these findings: “It has long been known that nocebo effects occur in many conditions, such as pain and Parkinson’s disease. Therefore, it is not surprising that they also take place in COVID-19 vaccination. If you expect a negative outcome, you can get it.”

Physical or mental causes?

These symptoms experienced are undoubtedly real, so if they are not due to active treatment, what might be the cause? Experts have attributed the nocebo effect to both psychological and neurobiological causes.

Dr. David A. Merrill, adult and geriatric psychiatrist and director of the Pacific Neuroscience Institute’s Pacific Brain Health Center at Providence Saint John’s Health Center in Santa Monica, CA, explained:

“A lot of factors come into play. For example, our prior experiences with the health system and related treatments. If you’ve personally had complex health stressors with a difficult treatment course, you might be anticipating more difficulty with additional treatments. We’re evolved to anticipate outcomes and avoid harm.”

The psychology may be that negative expectations are fulfilled. If a patient hears that a treatment may cause drowsiness, and then feels drowsy, they will blame that sleepiness on the treatment.

In addition, people who have negative expectations of side effects may be more aware of symptoms and, therefore, more likely to report them.

And studies have found that those who experience anxiety and depression may also be more likely to experience the nocebo effect.

Conditioning and past experience

Another explanation may lie in conditioning. The color of tablets is a case in point. A 1996 study found that people associate red, yellow, or orange tablets with stimulant effects and blue or green tablets with sedative effects.

The researchers gave otherwise identical blue tablets to one group and pink to the other. The group taking the blue tablets reported more drowsiness.

And those who have experienced adverse drug effects in the past are more likely to report them after a new treatment.

“I’d definitely say past experiences play a part… You get a list of side effects. People will often look and think, ‘in the past, I’ve been susceptible to this one.’ If people had more awareness, they’d look at that list in a different way.”

– Lee Chambers

One part of the nocebo effect that is a result of neurobiology is nocebo hyperalgesia, where the expectation of pain increases the pain experienced.

When a person anticipates pain, they release cholecystokinin, which allows pain transmission. If that anticipation and anxiety can be reduced, the pain will also be reduced.

Dr. Merrill explained how this happens: “Sensations can be amplified by our brain in feedback loops triggered by fear, which results in amplification of pain and other symptoms. This does not mean the pain is not real, but rather that the pain is primarily signaling fear rather than damage.”

Effect on treatment

The real risk with the nocebo effect is when it affects treatments or drug trials. If a person attributes negative side effects to an effective treatment, they might stop that treatment, losing the benefits along with the side effects. Over-reporting of side effects in a drug trial may mean that the drug does not get licensed.

This can have a real impact on health outcomes, as Lee Chambers outlined: “You don’t want someone to discontinue something that’s beneficial because of these negative effects that they feel they are having because of it. It [the nocebo effect] can increase those reported side effects… and lead to negative health outcomes.”

Some studies have suggested that reducing information about side effects might reduce the nocebo effect, but there are ethical problems. When asked whether he thought withholding such information could be justified, Dr. Benedetti was clear:

“In general, my answer is NO, it is not justified, but many clinician scientists and bioethicists propose an ‘authorized omission,’ whereby patients sign an informed consent in which it is stated that ‘some pieces of information will be omitted, otherwise the therapeutic outcome could be altered….’. There is a lively debate on this point!”

Knowledge is power

Some physicians and other experts believe that ensuring patients know that the nocebo effect is real may affect whether they experience it. 

“Having some awareness of the nocebo effect would give you some level of protection over your own self-awareness about the potential side effects you may face.”

– Lee Chambers

One antidepressant study supports this view. In this research, patients who were told about the nocebo effect asked for less information about side effects and more information about how the antidepressant worked than those who were not told.

Knowing more about the treatment and less about the side effects can reduce the likelihood of nocebo symptoms.

Dr. Merrill confirmed this view, noting that “[i]t’s important to educate yourself that the treatment is safe and that the signals being sent by your body are actually signals of safety, not of imminent harm or danger.”

Minimizing the nocebo effect

As the nocebo effect can adversely affect drug trials and change health outcomes in those taking medication, it is important to recognize it and work out how it might be evaluated and corrected in the study.

Research has found that stimulating a placebo effect might reduce the nocebo effect. Studies also suggest inducing a positive mood could yield similar effects.

Surprisingly, making drugs look more expensive has been shown to increase the nocebo effect. In one study, participants reported more side effects from a skin cream in expensive packaging than an identical one in a plain pot. So perhaps cheap packaging might be effective in preventing the nocebo effect.

Trust in those advocating treatment is also key. If someone you trust, such as your own doctor, tells you a vaccine is safe and effective, you are more likely to believe them than if a politician tells you to take the vaccine.

Likewise, if a trusted clinician advises you about treatment effects, this may reduce the nocebo effect. “The more you trust an individual, the more you will trust what they say,” Chambers confirmed. 

And, he continued, the language used by clinicians is important: “It does present the opportunity for healthcare professionals and clinicians to really look at the language that they use, and the more we focus on this, the more it will show [the importance of] how you articulate a message.”

“The nocebo effect is due to both biological and mental events.”

– Dr. Fabrizio Benedetti 

So we should not ignore the impact the nocebo effect can have, and clinicians must be aware of it when advising study participants. While the nocebo effect is real, we can minimize its impact.

Dr. Merrill advised: “If you’re having trouble with side effects out of proportion to what is expected, you might consider seeking help for anxiety. Not because the sensations are not real, but rather because the feelings are all too real.”

Today’s coronavirus news: Ontario reports 2,797 hospitalizations, 541 in ICU; chief medical officer urges Ontarians to get third shot

The latest coronavirus news from Canada and around the world Thursday. This file will be updated throughout the day. Web links to longer stories if available.

5:05 p.m. Yukon is making tentative plans to gradually lift its COVID-19 restrictions, but the state of emergency declared in November will remain in place for another 90 days, The Canadian Press reports.

Premier Sandy Silver says starting this weekend limits on sports teams under 19 will be allowed to increase to 25 people or half the venue’s capacity, while the same rules will apply a week later to those over 19 in recreation and arts events, according to CP.

Next week, indoor personal gatherings will be allowed for up to 10 people and it will no longer be limited to two households.

The following week, Silver says Yukon plans to increase the limit on indoor organized events to half of the venue’s capacity, and will allow groups of up to six people per table at bars.

He says the government aims to allow bars and restaurants to return to normal operating hours starting March 1, no longer requiring them to close at 10 p.m.

Silver says the state of emergency may be revoked if it’s no longer needed, while the territory’s reopening plans may also be changed, based on case counts and the number of people in hospital.

5:05 p.m. Another four people have died in New Brunswick as a result of COVID-19, bring the total number of deaths in the province to 251, The Canadian Press reports.

Four other COVID-19-related deaths were reported yesterday, according to CP.

The province says 165 people are in hospital due to the disease, including 14 in intensive care.

It says 392 healthcare workers have tested positive for COVID-19 and are in isolation.

Officials are reporting 411 new COVID-19 cases today.

New Brunswick has 4,012 active reported infections.

4:13 p.m. Nova Scotia is reporting four more deaths due to COVID-19, for a total of 157 since the start of the pandemic, The Canadian Press reports.

Health officials said today the deaths involve one woman in her 60s, a woman in her 80s, and a woman and a man in their 90s, according to CP.

Officials say there are about 351 patients in hospital with COVID-19.

Chief medical officer of health, Dr. Robert Strang, says the Omicron variant of the novel coronavirus continues to have devastating impacts on the province’s most vulnerable residents.

About 26 per cent of the people in hospital with COVID-19 are unvaccinated.

That percentage is close to triple the percentage of unvaccinated people in the general population.

4:13 p.m. The government has issued an order-in-council clarifying that truckers are not exempt from a vaccine mandate after bureaucrats were confused by their own policy, reports The Canadian Press.

The Canada Border Services Agency created widespread confusion last month after it issued a statement to media saying that unvaccinated truckers would remain exempt from quarantine and testing requirements after entering the country at the Canada-U.S. border, according to CP.

The federal government said the next day the statement had been sent in error, but not before some unvaccinated big-riggers had already been dispatched across the border.

The Canadian Press later revealed the confusion stemmed from bureaucrats misinterpreting policy at both the border services agency and the Public Health Agency of Canada, including whether an order-in-council, which sets out decisions made by cabinet, covered truckers or not.

The government this week issued another order-in-council to “clarify” that unvaccinated and partially vaccinated truckers are not exempt from the COVID-19 vaccine mandate when entering Canada, except if they are delivering medically necessary supplies and equipment.

The Public Health Agency said the government had extended most of its border measures and made updates to some others. It said they would be in effect until at least the end of February.

3 p.m. Dr. Kieran Moore, chief medical officer of health for Ontario, said that health indicators show a gradual improvement in the spread of COVID-19 in the province, as Ontario proceeds to reopen gradually.

The number of hospitalizations are stable, Moore said, and ICU numbers are still high, but the number of COVID-19 cases is dropping. The number of outbreaks at long-term care (LTC) homes is declining and the number of cases among residents and staff is dropping.

“We must remain vigilant and adhere to public health measures,” said Moore, who added that people should stay home if sick, wear a mask, keep a distance from others and look to get a booster shot.

Asked what learning to live with COVID-19 entails, Moore said it meant acknowledging that Omicron is highly contagious and hard to limit and so the question is how many public measures does it make sense to keep in place.

“We need to have a discussion in society about this,” said Moore, who added that countries that do not have a full suite of public health measures are also seeing a decline in cases.

Asked by a reporter if there really is a greater risk of transmission in the unvaccinated than in the doubly vaccinated, Moore said that this may not be significant, however, having three shots is of “great benefit.

“Three doses provides 95-per-cent protection against severe outcomes,” said Moore, who added that two doses does protect against severe outcomes, too, although not to the degree that three shots do.

If it seems that two doses does not work especially well against the Omicon variant, the government may reconsider its passport system. He added that passports do protect those among the unvaccinated who are most at risk.

Moore urged more Ontarians to get their third shot.

“It is so beneficial against the risk of transmissions, but especially against severe outcomes,” Moore said.

Asked what public health measures are likely to endure, Moore said masking would be the last to go. He added that, at some point, proof of vacination may be reviewed.

Moore said he hopes it becomes a community standard to get vaccinated regularly and that, perhaps, drug companies may be able to integrate the COVID-19 vaccine with other flu vaccines so people find it convenient to take them in the fall when the viruses intensify each year.

“I hope that the combination of vaccination and anti-viral (pills) will enable us to return to normality,” he said.

“We are in a much better position to be less fearful of this virus and to learn to live with it,” Moore said.

Moore said Ontario is monitoring the new BA.2 variant emerging. So far, there are 29 cases. “It is early days and we are monitoing it closely,” he said.

Asked about the amount of PCR testing being done, Moore said that it is this kind of testing is a limited resource and must be prioritized for those working in ICUs and their families. Ontario will rely on different data points to guage the level of COVID-19, he added.

1:35 p.m. It’s been a crisis long in the making. Now, as we head into the third year of a global pandemic, Ontario’s nurses are barely holding on.

Across Canada, nurses are leaving their jobs in droves, citing burnout, inadequate pay, dangerous conditions and more. With COVID cases anticipated to climb as Ontario reopens, Premier Doug Ford is set to sit down with Ontario Nurses Association (ONA) president Cathryn Hoy Thursday to discuss solutions.

“We entered the pandemic short on nurses to begin with,” Hoy told the Star Wednesday. “We have been telling the government that for years… Now, a pandemic has enhanced it.”

Read the full story from the Star’s Kevin Jiang

1:15 p.m. Former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin was back in a New York City courtroom Thursday, more than a week after the start of a trial in her libel lawsuit against The New York Times was postponed because she tested positive for COVID-19.

After a jury was quickly selected, Palin attorney Shane Vogt told Manhattan federal court jurors in an opening statement to put aside their opinions about Palin and determine if the newspaper defamed her.

Palin will be the trial’s star witness. She’s seeking unspecified damages based on claims that an editorial in the Times hurt her budding career as a political commentator.

1 p.m. Africa’s top health official is launching a campaign to enlist young people to encourage vaccinations, as just 11.3 per cent of the continent’s 1.3 billion people are vaccinated against COVID-19.

Youths will be encouraged “to play an active role” in ramping up inoculations across the continent where the vaccination rate is far below other regions in the world, Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention director John Nkengasong said Thursday.

Africa so far has 10.8 million confirmed infections and 240,000 deaths and vaccination efforts have been accelerating as vaccines doses are “becoming readily available” on the continent, Nkengasong said. In the last four weeks, Africa has seen an average 10 per cent decrease in new cases, he said.

12:40 p.m. Police and city officials are preparing for a convoy of truck drivers protesting vaccine mandates to converge upon Toronto this weekend, with Mayor John Tory vowing to do “everything we can” to avoid the disruption on display in the nation’s capital.

“I have made it clear to (Toronto police) Chief Ramer that we must work together to do everything we can to avoid the kind of situation currently faced by Ottawa residents and businesses, to keep Toronto residents safe, and to try to ensure that any protests are respectful and peaceful,” Tory told city council Thursday morning.

Toronto police issued a statement Wednesday saying the force was “aware” of and preparing for a demonstration planned Saturday in the city’s downtown core, Flyers circulating online call for supporters of the “Convoy for Freedom” to meet in designated spots throughout the GTA then head towards Queen’s Park for a midday protest.

Read the full story from the Star’s Wendy Gillis and David Rider

12 p.m. Quebec is reporting 42 more deaths attributed to the coronavirus as hospitalizations related to COVID-19 again dropped.

The Health Department says there are 2,637 people in hospital, a drop of 93 compared to the previous day as 193 patients were admitted and 286 left.

Of those in hospital, 191 patients are listed in intensive care, a decline of 13 patients.

The province is reporting 3,592 new cases confirmed by PCR testing — which is limited to certain higher-risk groups — and 963 positive rapid tests declared through a provincial online platform.

11:30 a.m. Ottawa’s mayor is calling on several Conservative MPs and a senator from Saskatchewan to apologize for praising the anti-vaccine mandate protest that has brought the capital’s downtown to a standstill for close to a week.

A photo shows MPs Warren Steinley, Kevin Waugh, Andrew Scheer, Fraser Tolmie, Rosemarie Falk and Sen. Denise Batters grinning — some giving the thumbs-up — in front of one of the protest trucks, which have been barricading roads and honking horns in the city almost non-stop since Saturday.

On Twitter, Waugh said a few of Saskatchewan caucus members “went to show their appreciation for the hardworking, patriotic truckers who have kept our supply chains healthy & grocery shelves stocked for the past two years.”

11:07 a.m. Saskatchewan Premier Scott Moe says his government will soon end COVID-19 measures that restrict people’s rights and freedoms.

Moe makes the comment in a four-minute video posted last night on social media.

He says it’s impossible to eliminate COVID-19, so we must learn to live with the virus while continuing to protect ourselves with vaccines, anti-viral treatments and testing.

He says that moving forward Saskatchewan will manage COVID-19 like it does with other common respiratory viruses since Omicron is less severe and people who are vaccinated can still get the virus.

10:35 a.m. NFL and SoFi Stadium officials joined with local leaders to reiterate that masks will be required for fans at the Super Bowl in Inglewood to help protect against Omicron transmission.

The mask requirement in outdoor stadiums, an order issued in L.A. County last August, was criticized as unnecessary this week by a member of the Board of Supervisors, Kathryn Barger, who represents a northern part of the county, after photos emerged of many fans maskless in their seats at Sunday’s Los Angeles Rams game.

But at a press conference Wednesday, several local elected officials backed the mask mandate, including Inglewood Mayor James T. Butts Jr. and L.A. County Supervisor Holly Mitchell, whose district includes SoFi Stadium. Guests at the Feb. 13 game will also need to show proof they’ve been vaccinated or recently tested negative for the coronavirus prior to entry, a requirement that has been in place for large outdoor events in the county since October.

10:20 a.m. Ontario is reporting 2,797 COVID hospitalizations and 541 people in ICU. Another 74 deaths were reported over the last 23 days.

83 per cent of patients admitted to the ICU were admitted for COVID-19 and 17 per cent were admitted for other reasons but have tested positive for COVID-19.

In Ontario, 30,832,550 vaccine doses have been administered. 92 per cent of Ontarians 12+ have one dose and 89.3 per cent have two doses, according to Health Minister Christine Elliott.

9:40 a.m. Palestinians are facing a winter coronavirus surge driven by the omicron variant, placing stress on the medical system even though vaccines are widely available.

The Palestinian Authority’s Health Ministry reported over 70,000 active cases in the Israeli-occupied West Bank, annexed east Jerusalem and the Gaza Strip on Thursday, more than twice the number at the height of previous surges.

The real figure is likely much higher, as omicron tends to cause milder symptoms, especially in vaccinated patients, and many people are testing at home.

At least 268 people have been hospitalized in the parts of the occupied West Bank administered by the Palestinian Authority, including 80 in intensive care and 24 people on ventilators. Gaza currently has at least 63 serious cases.

8:25 a.m. Nordic combined star Jarl Magnus Riiber of Norway has tested positive for COVID-19.

The 24-year-old Riiber is No. 2 in the World Cup rankings after a three-year run of being the top-ranked athlete in the sport that combines ski jumping and cross-country skiing. He fell just short of a medal twice at the 2018 Olympics, finishing fourth in the large and normal hill competitions.

Riiber said on Instagram “the (gold) is yours guys.”

7:50 a.m. For millions of people in rich countries, COVID-19 self-tests are abundant and free, including in Britain, Canada, France and Germany. But most people across Africa have limited access to them.

Zimbabwe introduced free walk-in testing centers in November 2020, but supplies are tight and the country still has no national program to distribute at-home tests.

Although self-tests are available in some Zimbabwean pharmacies, they cost up to $15 each, a fortune in a country where more than 70{cfdf3f5372635aeb15fd3e2aecc7cb5d7150695e02bd72e0a44f1581164ad809} of the population lives in extreme poverty made worse by the pandemic. The situation is similar elsewhere across the continent — and in parts of Asia and Latin America — with few, if any, opportunities for people to easily test themselves.

Perhaps the biggest obstacle to making inexpensive, self-tests widely available in the developing world is that the World Health Organization has yet to issue guidance on their use. Without the resources of wealthy countries to buy tests or evaluate their safety, poor countries must wait for WHO approval before aid groups and international agencies are willing to donate them in large numbers.

7:22 a.m. Czech hockey star David Krejci tested positive for the coronavirus upon arrival in Beijing and missed the team’s first full pre-Olympic practice.

Coach Filip Pesan says Krejci is still in the athletes village awaiting more COVID-19 test results. Pesan voiced optimism about Krejci being cleared Friday after a similar situation unfolded with another player.

The 35-year-old longtime Boston Bruins center is expected to be among the best players in the tournament without NHL players. Krejci won the Stanley Cup with Boston in 2011 and has 854 points in 1,118 regular-season and playoff games.

6:05 a.m. Rufsa Hasina Afroze, a teacher and academic supervisor at a leading private school in Bangladesh’s capital was relieved to see students return to its campus in September after it was closed for 543 days because of the pandemic.

It was only a brief respite from online learning. With the recent surge in coronavirus cases mostly because of the omicron variant, authorities have ordered the schools to close once more.

“It was not the same campus, but still we were happy to return,” she said. “During the whole period I missed my students and colleagues. It was a big challenge for me to adjust to the new reality.“

The closure initially was just for two weeks, until Feb. 6. But on Wednesday Education Minister Dipu Moni announced it was to be extended for another two weeks.

Read more from the Associated Press.

5:45 a.m. City of Toronto staff anticipated that a scaled-back version of the mayor’s transit plan unveiled last year could be criticized as an unwise use of money during the COVID-19 pandemic, according to internal emails.

The documents, which the Star obtained through a freedom of information request, show bureaucrats wanted to be able to address concerns that the $1.46 billion required for Mayor John Tory’s updated SmartTrack proposal would be better spent on other transit priorities, particularly in light of the economic challenges and social inequality Toronto was confronting during the coronavirus crisis.

Experts say those concerns were well-founded, and other transit projects that have taken a back seat to the mayor’s plan would better serve marginalized Torontonians hardest hit by COVID-19.

Read more from the Star’s Ben Spurr.

5:40 a.m. Germany’s independent vaccination advisory panel said Thursday it is recommending a second vaccine booster shot for people aged 70 and above, among others particularly at risk from COVID-19.

In a draft recommendation, the panel also advocated the extra shot for residents of nursing homes, people with immunodeficiency aged 5 and above, and staff at medical and nursing care facilities.

It said that the at-risk groups should get the second booster three months at the earliest after the first, and health sector staff should receive it after six months. It pointed to data showing that the protection provided by the first booster against the now-dominant omicron variant wanes after a few months, particularly for the highest-risk groups.

5:35 a.m. Trustees with the Toronto District School Board approved a motion to provide medical masks for all students Wednesday evening.

Level 3 medical grade masks will be made available to all TDSB students, the board said in a statement.

Students are allowed to continue to wear their own mask, but one optional medical mask per day will be available to all students until the end of the school year.

The cost of the project will range from $444,000 to $2 million, depending on the number of masks used by students. It will be paid for by TDSB’s reserve funds.

Read more from the Star’s Erin LeBlanc.

5:30 a.m. Sweden on Thursday joined other European nations in saying it will remove coronavirus restrictions.

“It is time to open Sweden again,” said Prime Minister Magdalena Andersson, announcing the restrictions would be removed from Wednesday next week.

Among the measures and recommendations that will be lifted, Sweden will allow people to return to restaurants with no limitation on how many people can be there, how much space there should be or opening hours. Requirements for vaccine certificates and wearing face masks on public transportation will also be removed, as well as the recommendation to limit social contacts.

On Tuesday, neighboring Denmark took the lead among European Union members by scrapping most restrictions. Hours later, Norway lifted its ban on serving alcohol after 11 p.m. and the cap on private gatherings of no more than 10 people.

5:20 a.m. Ontario’s top doctor is set to hold a news conference on the pandemic later today, his first since public health restrictions began to ease this week.

Dr. Kieran Moore’s afternoon briefing comes after modelling from the province’s expert pandemic advisers predicted COVID-19 cases would rise after Monday’s partial reopening.

The Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table said relaxing public health measures aimed at controlling the Omicron variant would increase virus spread, but the experts couldn’t say by how much.

The group said outcomes will depend partly on how many people have recently been infected, a number that is hard to determine because the province has limited access to PCR tests.

5:15 a.m. Ottawa’s mayor is calling on several Conservatives MPs and a senator from Saskatchewan to apologize for praising the anti-vaccine mandate protest that has brought the capital’s downtown to a standstill for close to a week.

A photo shows MPs Warren Steinley, Kevin Waugh, Andrew Scheer, Fraser Tolmie, Rosemarie Falk and Sen. Denise Batters grinning — some giving the thumbs-up — in front of one of the protest trucks, which have been barricading roads and honking horns in the city almost non-stop since Saturday.

On Twitter, Waugh said a few of Saskatchewan caucus members “went to show their appreciation for the hardworking, patriotic truckers who have kept our supply chains healthy & grocery shelves stocked for the past two years.” He added, “it’s great to see Canadians championing freedom on Parliament Hill.”

Mayor Jim Watson responded on Twitter by calling the action an “absolute disgrace,” saying residents have been harassed by protesters and businesses have been forced to close.

5 a.m. Health officials are warning the drop in COVID-related hospitalizations in some provinces could come to an end as public health restrictions are loosened.

Ontario’s top doctor is to hold a news conference later today, his first since restrictions began to ease this week and follows modelling from the Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table that predicts a rise in cases in the coming weeks.

Ontario and Quebec are allowing indoor restaurant dining at 50 per cent capacity.

Manitoba’s chief public health officer said yesterday that data shows the province may have passed the peak of the Omicron-fuelled surge and restrictions on gathering sizes and people allowed at sports events will be relaxed beginning on Tuesday.

Alberta and Saskatchewan reported record numbers of people in hospital with COVID-19 this week as both provinces announced they hope to remove vaccine passport requirements by the end of the month.

4:55 a.m. Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte is self-isolating after being exposed last weekend to a member of his household staff who had COVID-19, but Duterte has twice tested negative following the exposure, his spokesman said Thursday.

The 76-year-old leader continues to work while in quarantine and remains in communication with his Cabinet members to address urgent issues and pandemic-related concerns, Cabinet Secretary Karlo Nograles said.

Duterte has been fully vaccinated against COVID-19 and received his booster shot last month.

4:45 a.m. One lane each way has been cleared on the highway at the main United States border crossing in southern Alberta but a new problem began late Wednesday night.

Many of the original protesters still remain in Coutts but moved their trucks over to the right side of the highway after an agreement on a partial pull back was reached earlier in the day.

But the expected stream of trucks heading toward the U.S. border didn’t materialize.

Another blockade had set up 18 kilometres to the north near Milk River. A long line of RCMP vehicles, with their lights flashing, blocked off the highway as hundreds of vehicles continued to gather on both sides of the highway with their horns blaring.

“The RCMP have made some progress to re-open Hwy 4 from Milk River to the border. Currently travel is impeded at the north part of Hwy 4 where motorists can expect an RCMP escort to the border,” the Alberta RCMP said in a tweet.

4:30 a.m. Long before the global pandemic upended sports and the world in general, the 2022 Winter Olympics faced unsettling problems.

It started with the fact that hardly anybody wanted to host them.

Beijing ended up solving that problem, but only after four European cities thought about it and dropped out, mostly because of expense and lack of public support. In the end, it was a race between two authoritarian countries. The IOC narrowly chose China’s capital and its mostly bone-dry surrounding mountains over a bid from Kazakhstan. “It really is a safe choice,” IOC President Thomas Bach said after the balloting.

Some seven years after that fateful vote, the world will find out if Bach was right. Starting with Friday’s opening ceremony at the lattice-ribboned Bird’s Nest Stadium, the spotlight will be trained on China, a country with human-rights record that troubles many, an authoritarian government and a “zero-tolerance” policy when it comes to COVID. It will be trained on what figures to be the most closed-off, tightly controlled, hard-to-navigate Olympics in history.

The build-up has turned the idea of “making it to the Games” into as much of a logistical and sometimes moral conundrum as a competitive one.

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Chemicals found in plastic may lead to weight gain

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New research explores the effect of chemicals in everyday plastic items on mouse fat cells. Group4 Studio/Getty Images
  • Changes in diet and exercise do not fully explain the steep rise in overweight and obesity over recent decades.
  • One theory claims that chemicals in everyday plastic products promote weight gain by changing human metabolism.
  • A new study found that a range of plastic household items contain thousands of chemicals, many of them unknown.
  • One-third of the items contained chemicals that, after extraction, caused the growth and proliferation of mouse fat cells in the lab.

Chemicals in plastic household items such as drinks bottles, yogurt pots, and freezer bags may be contributing to the global epidemic of obesity, a new study suggests.

The chemicals may alter human metabolism by promoting the growth of fat cells, or adipocytes.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the number of people with obesity has nearly tripled globally since 1975.

The WHO estimates that in 2016, more than 1.9 billion adults were overweight. Of these individuals, more than 650 million had obesity.

Having excess body weight increases a person’s risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, non-alcohol-related fatty liver disease, stroke, and certain types of cancer.

Research suggests that factors such as changes in diet are insufficient to explain the scale of the obesity epidemic and the speed with which it has spread around the world.

One possible culprit is the effect of synthetic chemicals in our environment called endocrine disruptors. These influence the endocrine system, which includes the hormones that regulate appetite, metabolism, and weight, among other bodily functions.

The most well-known endocrine disruptors are bisphenol A and phthalates, which are present in some plastics.

These chemicals affect human development and fertility, and lab-based experiments indicate that they may also promote obesity.

However, plastics contain thousands of chemicals. Products made from plastic comprise one or more polymers, but manufacturers also add chemical fillers and additives to achieve the desired properties.

A 2019 study estimates that plastic food packaging alone could contain more than 4,000 known substances that appear in chemical databases.

However, biologists at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology in Trondheim suspected that there might be many unknown chemicals in plastic products that do not appear in the databases.

They used methanol to extract chemicals from 34 everyday products, including freezer bags, yogurt pots, drinks bottles, vegetable trays, scouring pads, and coffee cup lids.

Crucially, they used a technique called nontarget high resolution mass spectrometry, which identifies both known and unknown substances, to find chemicals.

They detected a total of 55,300 chemical features and tentatively identified 629 substances that are already in databases, including 11 that are known to disrupt metabolism.

Finally, they tested extracts from each of the products on a type of mouse precursor cell that can differentiate into fat cells.

They compared the effect of the extracts with those of a reference chemical — a diabetes drug called rosiglitazone (Avandia) that has well-known metabolic effects.

The chemical cocktails from four out of the 34 products transformed precursor cells into adipocytes that were larger and contained more fat than rosiglitazone-treated cells. Chemicals from 11 of the products induced the formation of adipocytes.

The results have been published in Environmental Science & Technology.

“It’s very likely that it is not the usual suspects, such as bisphenol A, causing these metabolic disturbances,” says first author Johannes Völker, Ph.D., who is affiliated with the university’s biology department.

“This means that other plastic chemicals than the ones we already know could be contributing to overweight and obesity,” he adds.

The scientists report that chemical cocktails from PVC and PUR products were most likely to promote the creation of fat cells, whereas those from PET, HDPE, and PLA products were inactive.

They emphasize that food packaging is not the only potential source of metabolism-disrupting chemicals.

The substances may also find their way into the body through the skin — for example, from plastic shower slippers or when inhaling dust that has been in contact with plastic flooring.

In their paper, the authors conclude:

“Given the potency of the extracted mixtures and considering our close and constant contact with plastics, our results support the idea that plastic chemicals can contribute to an obesogenic environment and, thus, the obesity pandemic.”

However, they acknowledge that the results are not definitive, since the experiments took place in cells growing in dishes in the lab rather than in whole animals.

“It is too early to quantify the contribution of plastic chemicals to obesity from a public health perspective, mainly because our work was done in vitro, not in vivo, and the causative chemicals remain unknown,” said senior author Martin Wagner, Ph.D., an associate professor of biology at the university.

“So, we cannot draw a causal link to what is happening in human populations so far,” he told Medical News Today.

However, he pointed out that there is good evidence from in vivo and epidemiological studies that bisphenol A is associated with obesity.

In a tweet, he called for manufacturers to make their plastics chemically simpler and safer.

The researchers used methanol to extract chemicals from the plastics, which may not reflect what happens under everyday conditions.

“The authors are studying extraction rather than migration,” said Chris Howick, who is chairperson of the product safety committee at the British Plastics Federation.

“The authors are removing ingredients that would normally remain in the sample throughout its lifetime — as an example, flexible PVC products do not generally become brittle over their lifetimes since the plasticizer remains in the product,” he told MNT.

However, Prof. Wagner said that in a previous study, his team demonstrated that many chemicals do, in fact, leach from plastic products in a standard test for food contact materials that uses water only.

“We also found that these migrates induced in vitro toxicity, including endocrine-disrupting effects,” he said.

“For the metabolism-disrupting compounds, we have not done this type of experiment yet, so it is too early to tell if these also leach,” he added.

In their new paper, the authors also acknowledge that they analyzed plastic packaging that had contained food or personal care products.

“Because chemical migration is not a one-way street, we cannot exclude the possibility that compounds from the contents migrated into the packaging,” they write.

“This is an ever-present challenge in migration studies, and it is common, especially for food with a high fat content, for migration of food into the plastics to exceed any migration from the plastic into the food,” said Howick.

He also pointed out that certain foods have well-established effects on the endocrine system.